UDC

94(571.51)«1950/1980»

Authors

Natalya V. Gonina
Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University 90 prosp. Mira, Krasnoyarsk, 660049, Krasnoyarskiy kray, Russian Federation; e-mail: nvg7@mail.ru

Abstract

This article aimed to study the factors determining integration of the population оn northern territories, as exemplified by the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Northern territories around the Yenisei River are characterized by extreme weather conditions; thus, people come here either because they have to or in search for an adventure. As a rule, the majority of in-migrants do not wish to stay here for long. Nevertheless, during the 1950–80s the population of northern towns gradually increased, while some residents started to selfidentify as natives of the area. Traditional farming helped develop an adaptive form of survival based on cooperation with nature; basic skills were often borrowed from the indigenous peoples. This effective and economical form provides a basis for natural reproduction of the population. An individual becomes autonomous from the state system, while at the same time there is a tendency towards conservatism, closed society and stagnation. The industrial stage of the development of the North during the Soviet period was based on the creation of artificial environment, which entirely depended on the key enterprise (housing construction, electricity, heating, food, etc.). The citizen’s quality of life was determined by his/ her status in the management and production system. Northern territories were special as they had a better supply of manufactured goods and higher salaries compared to other regions, not just for the elite but for simple toilers as well. However, this was not always the only reason for staying in the area for good. Along with a more comfortable life, a significant role was played by better opportunities of free self-fulfilment in a favourable social environment. It is this factor that the residents of Norilsk emphasize in their memoirs. This factor, in its turn, enriched the town’s cultural life, which was another good argument for staying.

Keywords

northern territories of the Yenisei River, territory development, integration of urban population, industrial society, state paternalism

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