UDC

811.161.1

DOI

10.17238/issn2227-6564.2019.2.22

Authors

Andrey D. Kaksin
Katanov Khakass State University;
ul. Lenina 92, Abakan, 655000, Respublika Khakasiya, Russian Federation;
e-mail: adkaksin@yandex.ru
Mariya D. Chertykova
Katanov Khakass State University;
ul. Lenina 92, Abakan, 655000, Respublika Khakasiya, Russian Federation;
e-mail: chertikova@yandex.ru

Abstract

This article is devoted to the highly relevant issue of finding more arguments in favour of the concept that differentiates between the linguistic categories of modality and evidentiality (by choosing constructions that indicate an opinion different from the speaker’s). In this connection, the author studied peculiarities of expressing inference, citation and mirativity in the Russian language. Methods of literary text analysis are illustrated with phrases (sentences) from Leo Tolstoy’s works (1872– 1890) and from Dmitry Merezhkovsky’s novel The Death of the Gods. Julian the Apostate (1896). The sample demonstrated frequent use of the constructions under study (judgements about the action by the result, references to someone else’s opinion, rhetorical questions, exclamations, expressions of admiration, questions of the type “Dolzhno, lyudi obideli?” and others). Evidential meaning is expressed in the Russian language through the means of different levels: phonetic, morphological, and syntactic. These means can be combined within a single phrase: Vot ya i domoy syezdil, zhenilsya! Net, uzh vidno ne sud’ba moya. The analysis of such examples allowed the author to assume that inference, citation and mirativity in the Russian language can be expressed using different types of sentences (with relevant forms of subject and predicate) pronounced with a certain intonation. In all the cases, an important role is played by the elements accompanying the context, such as parentheses, particles and interjections.

Keywords

evidentiality, modality, inference, citation, mirative, Leo Tolstoy, Dmitry Merezhkovsky

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