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Subjective Image of the Social Structure of Soviet Society in the Diaries of A.I. Dmitriev. P. 15–22

Версия для печати

Section: History

UDC

94(47)084

DOI

10.17238/issn2227-6564.2019.1.15

Authors

Andrey N. Kabatskov
National Research University Higher School of Economics; ul. Studencheskaya 38, Perm, 614070, Russian Federation;
e-mail: afsnik@gmail.com
Oleg L. Leybovich
Perm State Institute of Culture; ul. Gazety “Zvezda” 18, Perm, 614000, Russian Federation;
e-mail: oleg.leibov@gmail.com

Abstract

The diary is considered in the article as a special kind of ego-document, allowing us to reproduce the subjective side of historical processes. This paper aimed to reconstruct the subjective image of the structure of Soviet society of 1940–1955 based on the diaries of the Soviet worker Aleksandr Ivanovich Dmitriev dated 1942–1955. In addition, we attempted to recreate the ideological context that determined the content of these diaries. To work with them, special methods of historical criticism were used, making it possible to reveal the semantic content of historical events depending on their participants. Based on the methodology by Umberto Eco, the authors searched the texts for invisible or, in other words, missing structures related to the social order in the country at that time: the notions of classes and social groups, as well as gender relations. The starting point determining the way of Dmitriev’s social identity is Stalin’s idea about the division of Soviet society into the working class, collective farmers, and working intelligentsia. Dmitriev views Soviet society in a vertical projection. His belonging to the working class is described as social superiority over collective farmers due to his higher level of culture in contrast to the backwardness of the rural dwellers. He also finds his gender privileges natural. To ensure that his personal level of consumption corresponds to the high status of the Soviet worker, Dmitriev considers it possible to consciously violate moral norms and legislative restrictions.

Keywords

Soviet society, social structure, ego-document, diary of A.I. Dmitriev, image of the social world
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