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Demographic Processes in the European Part of Russia in the Second Half of the 19th and Early 20th Centuries: Place of the Arkhangelsk Province. P. 28–38

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Section: History

UDC

94(47)08+314.148

Authors

Valeriy V. Kanishchev
Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin;
ul. Sovetskaya 181, litera K, Tambov, 392008, Russian Federation;
e-mail: valcan@mail.ru
Tat’yana I. Troshina
Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov;
ul. Smol’nyy Buyan 7, Arkhangelsk, 163002, Russian Federation;
e-mail: tatr-arh@mail.ru

Abstract

Russian historical science rarely subjects demographic processes to comparative analysis, although such studies, especially those using information technology, allow us to introduce clarity into the methodological as well as source and content aspects of these processes. Having compared the results of the quantitative analysis of the materials on the provinces located in the European part of Russia with descriptive observations on the Arkhangelsk Province, the authors of this article found some peculiarities of the marriage, birth, and mortality rates in this area. It was established that the low number of marriages was mostly due to the semi-agricultural lifestyle of the local inhabitants. The low fertility rate of Arkhangelsk women is explained by the influence of the harsh climate on their health, as well as by the living of a large part of the population in remote villages, rarely visited by priests, who seldom troubled themselves to record stillbirths and babies who died in infancy. During 1897–1912, the Arkhangelsk Province raised its fertility rate from average to high, which, presumably, is associated with more accurate statistics, improved well-being of the population, increased influence of the intelligentsia and the clergy on people’s morality, including childcare. In the absence of local medical care in the province, mortality served as a kind of natural selection. The authors found that the Arkhangelsk Province was special in terms of negative natural increase (in 1871–1893 the region experienced this phenomenon only three times, while the majority of other provinces in the European part of Russia, 6–10 times). According to the authors, a more thorough study (with the use of information technology) of primary sources recording the region’s population is required to obtain accurate quantitative data on the demographic behaviour in the Arkhangelsk Province.

Keywords

Arkhangelsk Province, European part of Russia, historical demography, demographic processes
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References

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