UDC

159.938:616.899-053.4

Authors

Volskaya Olga Viktorovna
Institute of Pedagogics and Psychology, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
e-mail: o.volskaya@narfu.ru
Rusnak Anastasiya Aleksandrovna
“LEDA” City Сentre of Expertise, Monitoring, Psychological and Pedagogical Information and Methodological Support (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
e-mail: centr-leda@mail.ru; pisunka@yandex.ru

Abstract

The article deals with currently one of the most important issues of Russian remedial pedagogy: linguistic competence in preschoolers with disorders of psychological development. The paper presents experimental data on the semantic component of linguistic competence in elder preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment and their peers with disorders of psychological development (DPD). The study showed that in children with DPD the syntactic and phonological components of linguistic competence are the prevailing ones, while the semantic component, which prevails in normally developing children, is not formed. All this necessitates special remedial measures aimed to develop semantic representations and improve the lexical and grammatical structure of speech. The authors have worked out a set of remedial developmental activities aimed to develop: orientation in grammatical categories; skills of establishing syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations; word formation skills. The first aspect of research aimed to enrich vocabulary, teach the children to distinguish between the various parts of speech, develop their skills of using words of different grammatical categories in practice. The second aspect focused on the child’s ability to draw semantic analogies, form synonymic and antonymic relationships between lexemes and combine words in a phrase. The third aspect concerned the following tasks: formation of ideas about compound words and ways of their formation, development of imagination and ability to invent new words. At the final stage of our research, we conducted a horizontal check experiment, whose results prove convincingly the efficiency of our complex of remedial developmental activities.

Keywords

semantic component, linguistic competence, elder preschoolers, disorders of psychological development, general speech underdevelopment

References

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