UDC

373.1 – 057.874(045)

Authors

Vokhminova Lyudmila Vladimirovna
Institute of Pedagogics and Psychology, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia)
Savchenko Alla Pavlovna
Institute of Pedagogics and Psychology, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia)

Abstract

The paper dwells on the problems of Russia’s modern education system, being a crucial factor in the emergence of a qualitatively new economy and society, able to compete with the educational systems of advanced nations. The main task of the Russian educational policy is providing modernized education while preserving its fundamental nature and correspondence to the current and future needs of an individual, society and the state. The Russian school is tasked with becoming a major factor in the humanization of social and economic relations as well as formation of new personal guidelines in life. Russian general education, including primary one, differs significantly from that of the countries with a higher level of economic development. In recent years, primary school has been one of the most innovative trends in Russian education. At present, there are more than ten teaching kits for primary schools, which represent the traditional system of L.V. Zankov and the system of Elkonin-Davydov. D.B. Elkonin and V.V. Davydov’s approach is aimed not only at providing knowledge but above all at child’s all-round development, including mental activity, attention, memory, creativity, thinking and observation skills. The paper provides insights into the concept of developmental teaching by L.V. Zankov, D.B. Elkonin and V.V. Dyvydov used at primary schools; effective cognitive activity of primary school children is described. In addition, the author studies whether teachers are willing to fulfil the tasks stipulated in the new Federal State Educational Standard of General Primary Education, which highlights personality development and competency-based learning and emphasizes the significance of operational skills.

Keywords

Federal State Educational Standard of General Primary Education, universal learning activities, Zankov’s system, Elkonin-Davydov’s system, cognitive activity, learning task

References

1. Zankov L.V. Didaktika i zhizn’ [Didactics and Life]. Izbrannye trudy [Selected Works]. Moscow, 1990.
   
2. Monitoring kachestva obrazovaniya [Monitoring of Education Quality]. Ed. by Solomin V.P. St. Petersburg, 2008.
   
3. Primernaya osnovnaya obrazovatel’naya programma obrazovatel’nogo uchrezhdeniya. Nachal’naya shkola [An Example of the Basic Educational Program for an Educational Institution. Primary School]. Comp. by sost. Savinov E.S. 4th ed. Moscow, 2012.
   
4. El’konin D.B. Izbrannye psikhologicheskie trudy [Selected Works on Psychology]. Moscow, 1989.