UDC

Authors

Abstract

The paper analyzes the functioning and development of vocational education during World War I (1914–1918), examines the policies of the state and local authorities in this field, as well as the efforts of non-governmental organizations and individuals to improve vocational training of the local population. The so-called Ignatiev’s reform of 1915–1916 was the last attempt to introduce fundamental changes in the educational system of pre-revolutionary Russia. The reform projects affected all stages and spheres of education, including the vocational and technical component. These projects involved a serious break-up of many artificial barriers that impeded the development of vocational schools in Russia. They intended to bring general education and vocational training closer together, create a unified and successive system of education, revise the specialities in accordance with current needs, make higher professional education accessible for lower classes and make women’s vocational training rise in the opinion of the public. On the local level, including the European North, non-governmental organizations, local authorities and private enterprises, despite the war, helped to expand the network of vocational schools, especially primary ones. The regions were able to efficiently combine general and vocational education. Private institutions achieved great success using advanced trends in teaching borrowed from foreign experience and adapted to Russian conditions. Commercial and industrial circles as well as public organizations and cooperative associations held their own forums and meetings where they actively discussed the problems of vocational education and tried to determine the need of the regions for specialists and skilled workers taking into consideration the local economic conditions.

Keywords

References

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